nacos(六): 创建第一个多模块微服务项目(生产者与消费者)
要创建出生产者与消费者一体的多模块项目，总体来说分成三个步骤。分别是先创建出项目主体，再分别创建出生产者与消费者。步骤一：创建项目主体
1. 先创建一个单体项目作为项目的主题。在这里，我们不用脚手架，通过IDEA的向导直接进行创建。根据下图进行新建项目的配置：
2. 然后点击下一击，选择版本与依赖项：
3. 在生成的主项目中，只保留pom.xml，其余的文件可以全部删掉：
4. 将pom.xml的内容进行如下修改：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <modules> <module>producer</module> <module>consumer</module> </modules> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>alibabanacos</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>alibabanacos</name> <description>alibabanacos</description> <packaging>pom</packaging> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <spring-boot.version>2.7.6</spring-boot.version> <spring-cloud-alibaba.version>2021.0.5.0</spring-cloud-alibaba.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!--springboot--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring-cloud-alibaba.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>
其中，有几个配置节需要注意：
<modules>配置节代表着后面要创建的子模块的名称；
<packaging>配置节代表打包方式，因为主项目只有一个pom.xml，主要是协调和管理子项目，所以无需打包改为pom即可。
步骤二：创建生产者producer
1. 在主项目下新建producer模块：
2. 在main包下面创建出resources文件夹：
3. 在producer下创建target文件夹：
4. 之后如下修改pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>alibabanacos</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <packaging>jar</packaging> <artifactId>producer</artifactId> <description>producer</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <spring-boot.version>2.7.6</spring-boot.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!--springboot--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 服务发现(生产者)--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> <configuration> <mainClass>com.example.producer.ProducerApplication</mainClass> <skip>false</skip> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <id>repackage</id> <goals> <goal>repackage</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>
5. 在启动类上添加@EnableDiscoveryClient注解
6. 在resources资源目录下添加application.yml文件
并在文件中添加如下配置：
server:port: 8085spring:cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848 username: nacos password: nacos config: server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848 username: nacos password: nacos namespace: public loadbalancer: nacos: enabled: trueapplication: name: product
到这里对生产者的配置已经完成，这时启动生产者，即可在nacos后台的服务列表中看到product实例：
步骤三：创建消费者consumer
总体步骤和生产者创建几乎一致，不同的地方在于以下几个方面：
1. pom.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>com.example</groupId> <artifactId>alibabanacos</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> </parent> <artifactId>consumer</artifactId> <packaging>jar</packaging> <dependencies> <!--springboot--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 服务发现(生产者)--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-alibaba-nacos-discovery</artifactId> </dependency> <!--消费者--> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-loadbalancer</artifactId> <version>3.1.5</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId> <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId> <version>3.8.1</version> <configuration> <source>1.8</source> <target>1.8</target> <encoding>UTF-8</encoding> </configuration> </plugin> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>${spring-boot.version}</version> <configuration> <mainClass>com.example.consumer.ConsumerApplication</mainClass> <skip>false</skip> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <id>repackage</id> <goals> <goal>repackage</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>
2. application.yml
server:port: 8086spring:cloud: nacos: discovery: server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848 username: nacos password: nacos config: server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848 file-extension: properties username: nacos password: nacos loadbalancer: nacos: enabled: trueapplication: name: consumer
具体消费者如何通过loadbalance调用生产者提供的服务，可以参考《nacos(四): 创建第一个消费者Conumer(单体)》。
最终成果：整个项目的工程目录结构基本如下
本文到这里就完成了。下一篇，我们将一起关注网关gateway的使用: ）
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